ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recumbency and bending are thought to provoke symptoms of reflux in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The effect of exercise which involved bending and abdominal contractions was evaluated in symptomatic patients of GERD using continuous 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH test. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with GERD, confirmed by abnormal 24-hour esophageal pH study, performed exercise for 30 minutes consisting of 5 sessions of 6 minutes each. The exercise involved toe touching from supine, sitting and standing position of 2 minutes' duration each. Each 2 minutes' period included 8 repetitions of the same exercise of 15 seconds' duration. 24-hour esophageal pHmetry was done on day 1 without exercise and on day 2 with 30-minute exercise. Reflux time percent (RT%) pH <4 was compared between days 1 and 2 and 30 minutes before and during exercise. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were upright refluxers and 11 patients were combined refluxers, which included 4 patients with supine reflux and 7 patients who refluxed both in supine and upright positions. The median (range) 24-hour RT% on day 1 and day 2 was 7 (5-40) and 7 (4-46), respectively (p=0.15). RT% during 30 minutes exercise compared with 30 minutes before exercise was 6.6 (0-60) and 0.0 (0.0-80) (p=0.02), respectively. In combined and upright refluxers, RT% during and before exercise was 13 (0-53) and 0.0 (0.0-42) (p=0.008), respectively and 0.0 (0-60) and 0.0 (0-80), (p=0.71), respectively. RT% between upright and combined refluxers during exercise was 0.0 (0-60) and 13 (0-53), respectively (p=0.004). The mean (SD) LES pressure in mmHg in combined and upright refluxers was 7 (2.9) and 19.6 (6.8), respectively (p=0.008). Esophagitis in combined and upright refluxers was seen in 8 patients (72.7%) and 2 patients (14.3%), respectively. Two patients (8%) developed symptoms during exercise. CONCLUSION: Exercise which involves bending precipitates reflux in patients with moderate-to-severe GERD.
ABSTRACT
Although mortality and morbidity associated with generalized peritonitis has been brought down markedly, postoperative complications like wound sepsis, intra-abdomlnal collections, paralytic ileus and septicemia do occur in some cases. To minimize such complications different measures have been tried so far, including intraperitoneal lavage with saline solutions and antibiotics. We conducted a study involving fifty patients over a period of two years using the third generation cephalosporin, cefotaxime intraperitoneally with encouraging results.